Evidence321 BCE ±5
Chandragupta takes Magadha
Pataliputra (Patna), Bihar

Chandragupta Maurya overthrows the Nanda king and rules from Pataliputra; later tradition credits his minister Chanakya with the plan.
The date is conventional. Greek writers, who call him Sandrokottos, put his rise in the years after Alexander; Buddhist and Jain texts agree on the generation, not the year, and whether he took Magadha or the Punjab first is still argued. Chanakya, the scheming minister of the play Mudrarakshasa, comes from Indian sources written centuries later, not from the Greeks.
Megasthenes, Seleucus's envoy to the Mauryan court, describes Pataliputra as a timber-walled city where the Son met the Ganges. It stayed the capital for the whole dynasty.
- political